شب  یلدا
 

یا شب چلّه یکی از جشن‌های کهن ایرانی است.در این جشن، بلندترین شب سال در نیم‌کرهٔ شمالی گرامی داشته می‌شود. این شب به زمان بین غروب آفتاب از ۳۰ آذر (آخرین روز پاییز) تا طلوع آفتاب در اول ماه دی (نخستین روز زمستان) اطلاق می‌شود. ایرانیان و بسیاری از دیگر اقوام شب یلدا را جشن می‌گیرند. این شب در نیم‌کره شمالی با انقلاب زمستانی مصادف است و به همین دلیل از آن زمان به بعد طول روز بیش‌تر و طول شب کوتاه‌تر می‌شود.

واژهٔ «یلدا» ریشهٔ سریانی دارد و به‌معنای «ولادت» و «تولد» است. منظور از تولد، ولادت خورشید (مهر/میترا) است. رومیان آن را ناتالیس آنایکتوس یعنی روز تولد مهر شکست‌ناپذیر می‌نامند.ابوریحان بیرونی از این جشن با نام «میلاد اکبر» نام برده و منظور از آن را «میلاد خورشید» دانسته‌است.
چلّه ، دو موقعیت گاه‌شمارانه در طول یک سال خورشیدی با کارکردهای فرهنگ عامه، یکی در آغاز تابستان (تیرماه) و دیگری در آغاز زمستان (دی ماه)، هریک متشکل از دو بخش بزرگ (چهل روز) و کوچک (بیست روز). واژه چلّه برگرفته از چهل (معین، ذیل واژه) و مخفف «چهله» و صرفآ نشان‌دهنده گذشت یک دوره زمانی معین (و نه الزامآ چهل روزه) است.
One of the ancient Iranian festivals . During this holiday is celebrated the longest night of the year in the Northern Hemisphere . The night between sunset 30 Azar ( last day of autumn ) until sunrise on May Day ( the first day of winter ) refers . Iranians celebrate Yalda and many other nations . Coincides with the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere the night and that's why it's time to be shorter than the length of the day and night .
The word " Yalda " Syriac origin and means " birth " or " birth " is. In order of birth, the birth of the sun ( Mehr / Mithra ) is. The Romans called it Natalis Invictus Nayktvs 's birthday October . Abu Rayhan Biruni of the celebration called " AD Akbar" and referred to it as " the birth of the Sun " Dansthast .Warp , chronological positions during a solar year , with the functions of popular culture at the beginning of the summer ( July ) and in winter (January ), each consisting of two large ( forty days ) and small (twenty days). Words from Warp forty ( given the following word) and stands for " Chhlh " and simply indicate the passage of a certain period of time (not necessarily the forty -day high).

بیشتر بدانید :

در طول تاریخ «ایران» یکی از رایج ترین نام های سرزمین وجغرافیای نامهای ایران بوده‌است. واژهٔ ایران (به پارسی باستان «اَئیریَه‌نا»، به پارسی میانه: ، تلفظ با یای مجهول: ĒRĀNŠAHR)، و برگرفته از کلمه «آریانام خَشَترام» و به معنای «سرزمین آریاییان» است که در گذر زمان به ایرانشهر و سپس در دورهٔ ساسانی به ایران تبدیل شده‌است.^[۱۱][۱۲]

واژهٔ «آریا» در زبان‌های اوستایی، پارسی باستان و سانسکریت به ترتیب به شکل‌های «اََئیریه»^{[پ ۱]}، «آریه»^{[پ ۲]}، و «اَریه»^{[پ ۳]} به کار رفته‌است. همچنین در زبان سنسکریت «اریه»^{[پ ۴]} به معنی سَروَر و مهتر و «آریکه»^{[پ ۵]} به معنی مَردِ شایستهٔ بزرگداشت و حرمت است و آریایی به زبان اوستایی «ائیرین»^{[پ ۶]} و به زبان پهلوی و پارسی دری «ایر» خوانده می‌شود و ایرج به زبان آریایی^{[پ ۷]} است.^[۱۳] ایر در واژه به‌معنی «آزاده» و جمع آن «ایران» به‌معنی «آزادگان» است.^[۱۴]

«ایران» در واژه به معنی «سرزمین آریاییان» است و مدّت‌ها پیش از اسلام نیز نام بومی آن ایران، اِران، یا ایرانشهر بود.ایران در عرصه جهانی تا سال ۱۹۳۵ رسماً «پرشیا» نامیده می‌شد. در آن سال رضا شاه دستور داد تا نام جهانی کشور نیز مانند نام بومی آن، «ایران» بشود. این تصمیم مورد اعتراض گروهی از سیاستمداران و پژوهشگران قرار گرفت که معتقد بودند این کار موجب ایجاد شکاف بین پیشینه تاریخی کشور با ایران امروز می‌شود. در نهایت محمدرضا پهلوی در سال ۱۹۵۹ اعلام کرد که هر دو نام قابل استفاده است. ^[۱۵

here is more information about one of the other kings:

Darius I (Dariush in Persian), the Achaemenian king, in the 5th century BCE, declares himself a Persian and form the Aryan race. Herodotus, the father of history, writes (in his book: "History of Herodotus") at the same times: "In ancient times, the Greeks called Iranians "Kaffe", but they were renowned as Aryans among themselves and their neighbors". In another part of his book, Herodotus writes that the Medians were known as Aryans during a certain period. So in two of the oldest written human documents, the race of the Iranians have been mentioned as Aryan.

On the other hand, in many contemporary books, one reads that the Aryans were not original residents of the land of Iran, and that they migrated to Iran from Central Asia or somewhere in the north of Europe. The point is that if some of the oldest written records of the human history confirm that the residents of the Iranian Plateau were Aryans, why should some claim otherwise?

We will discuss the origins of the Iranian race, and we will try to shed light on some unknown corners of history, which has been mixed with ignorance and lies.

We want to extract the facts out of centuries and millennia and out of paleontological studies, old and new, to prove that Iran is the original land of the Aryan race, that this people has never migrated to any other land, and it has defended its homelands for centuries on end.

There are all numerous reasons that the Aryan race has undergone its evolution from the primitive man to the white man in the Iranian Plateau. These reasons can be categorized as historical, geographical, mythological, anthropological and linguistically.

Against the reasons we will discuss, no valid evidence has been produced to prove that the Aryans migrated from Central Asia or any other place to Iran. What European historians have written in this regard is based on unscientific and unproven hypotheses influenced by anti-Iranian and political ideas.

The reason for the migration of Aryans from Iran to other places of the world should be searched in climatic events. At the end of Ice Age, as a result of excessive rainfall on the Alborz and Zagros Mountains and the melting of the ice accumulated on the mountains, the rivers flowing through the Iranian Plateau were much larger than they are today. Therefore there was a large lake in the place where to day is the Central Desert. One of the most interesting mythological texts says in this regard:

"...In the second phase of the creation of the world, Ahura Mazda created the waters, and the waters flowed towards Farakhekrat Sea which covers one third of the world from the southern outskirts of Alborz."

With the continuous warming of the earth and the decrease in rainfall, this lake gradually dried up and the peoples living around it, who had a common language and Aryan culture, was forced to migrate from Iran. The routes of this great migration are an evidence for the central position of Iran, for the Aryan peoples have set Iran as the center and set out on migration in any direction.

As a matter of fact, many Western historians have declined to accept the politicized version of history, admitting that Iran was the origin of the Aryan race.

Hegel writes in his book The Philosophy of history: "The principle of evolution begins with the history of Iran". Another prominent orientologist says that: A large part of our cultural and material legacy was unveiled in southwestern Asia the center of which was Iran." Petri, in a famous speech, said that "When Egypt had only just begun the art of pottery, the people of Susa (in Iran) were painting beautiful pictures on ceramics." this shows that the Iranian civilization was 3,000 years ahead of that of Egypt, dating back at least to 12,000 years ago. In other words, when Central Asia was totally buried under thick layers of ice, Iranians were creating pictures on earthenware, which indicates their art and creativity.

Considering the existence of this 12,000 years-old civilization in Iran, would it not be unlikely that 6,000 years ago, a group of people spontaneously crossed the ice covered Siberian lands, suddenly wiping such a civilization off the earth. The word Aryan has roots in world that Iranians called themselves by Ayria, meaning free, noble and steady. The world Iran is derived from this very root, having been transformed from Ayran to Iran, meaning the land of the Aryans. This is the most ancient term applied to the Iranian Plateau, and such a term has never been detected anywhere else in the world, e.g. Europe or Turkistan.

The myth of Aryan's migration to Iran implies that a people have come to Iran from a remote land, giving their name to an already inhabited land, which had no name, and that no trace of their name has been remained in their name has been remained in their original homeland. In historical records, Central Asia has been mentioned as the land of Sakas, Masagets, Touran, Soghd, Kharazm, Khiveh, and Turkistan, none of which words has any relation to the word Aryan.

Paleontology is one of the sciences that confirm the formation of the white race in Ian. The Homo sapiens evolved from its Neanderthal ancestors in a 30,000- year process between 50,000 to 20,000 years ago. In the Hutu and Kamarband caves near Behshahr, Iran, bones of men from different historical periods have been found, showing that a kind of human race has continuously dwelled in this area and evolved, meaning that there has been no migration.

In Babylonian and Assyrian sources, one of the largest ancient Iranian tribes has been mentioned as Kas Su, Kassi and Kashi, which in ancient languages and also in the modern language of the people of Gilan means fair-eyed and fair-faced. The name of central city of Kashan (Kassan) is a relic of this ancient Aryan tribe. Many relics of the Kassi tribe have also been found in the Khorramabad region, including paintings in the cave of Dusheh that date back to 15,000 BC. In these paintings, people can be seen riding horses. This is a very valid evidence against the erroneous theories which say that the Aryans brought the horse form Central Asia to Iran around 4,000 BC. Like its ancient riders, the horse is indigenous to Iran since at least 17,000 years ago.

Geology and meteorology confirm the evolution of man in the Iranian Plateau. The supporters of the theory of the migration of the Aryans from the north to Iran assume that with the fall in the temperature during the ice age, men were forced to migrate from the north (Central Asia) to the south (Iran). But the homo race was formed at the end of the third ice age, i.e. when the weather was gradually warming from the south to the north. Therefore, it would have been natural for people to migrate from south to north, and not the other way round. In fact, Central Asia was not habitable for men for thousands of years after the ice age; it only became so in the historic age as a result of the melting and receding of the arctic ice cap. Later groups of Iranians and Chinese migrated to these areas and formed the Turk race through cross breeding. The Indians are a hybrid of early Dravidians and the white Iranian race, a fact, which is evident from their dark skin.

So why have some European historians said that the origin of the Iranians is Central Asia? In 1833, an Oxford University professor used the term Aryan to describe a group of languages with common origins. Although he later admitted that parts of his theory were erroneous, the theory of an Aryan race was used by a group of romanticist writers and western historians in quest for an ancient identity.

The Germans, eyeing vast expanses of land in Central Asia, called themselves Aryans and cried for a return to the homeland. They used the Swastika, which, as a "wheel of Mithra (Sun/Fire)" used to be the arm of the Iranians since ancient times, as a Nazi symbol, to have an alibi to invade Russia.

The French, British, Russians and recently Americans found different reasons to call themselves Aryans.
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here is more information:

Iran is the ancient name of Persia, and it is derived from the root "Arya" or Aryan, the Indo-European branch of peoples who settled in that land. The Aryans of ancient Iran were Mazdayasni Zarathushtris, ie. Worshippers of Ahura Mazda (the name of God in Avestan) as revealed by the ancient prophet Zarathushtra, thousands of years before Christ.

However, all the ancient Zoroastrian scriptures speak of an earlier homeland from where our people came, the lost "Airyane Vaejahi" or seedland of the Aryans. From this homeland, the Indo- Europeans or Aryans moved to upper India, Iran, Russia and the nations of Europe such as Greece, Italy, Germany, France, Scandinavia, England, Scotland and Ireland.

Sanskrit, Latin, Avestan are all sister languages, and the present day upper Indian, Persian and European languages are related eg. Baradar in persian = Brata in sanskrit = Brother in english. "Persia" is actually a late European term for the land of "Farsi" language ie. Iran. The Arabic phase in Iran only began 1300 years ago, and we had to escape to India to preserve our Zoroastrian religion.

The "Vendidad" is one of the ancient scriptures of the Zoroastrians, actually called the "Vi-daevo-dat" or the law to fight against evil. In the first "Fargad" or chapter, the Golden Age of the ancient Aryans is outlined with their greatest king, "Yima Kshaeta" (Yam Raj in the Indian Vedas) who banished old age and death. Then, the ice age broke on the ancient home and the Aryans were forced to migrate southwards, to the southeast and the southwest.

Mr. Bal Gangadhar Tilak, a great Brahmin (Indian Aryan) scholar of India in the last century studied the Vedas and the Vendidad to find an ancient homeland of the Aryans. The Vedas are scriptures written by the Indo-Europeans or Aryans after they migrated to India. From the descriptions of the weather patterns mentioned in the Vedas, Tilak concluded that the ancient home must be in the Artic regions ie. above present Russia.

The Aryans migrated from the ancient home to Iran and from there to India and Greece and Europe. Tilak also said that the most ancient historical scripture was the Iranian Vendidad, which actually describes the ancient homeland of the Aryans, the Aryan King Yima Kshaeta who ruled over it (Yama Raja, lord of the underworld in latter day Indian Hinduism) and the onrush of winter, sent by ahriman (the devil) which caused the great migration. This is the famous first "Fargad" of the Vendidad which fascinated a lot of European scholars in the last century.

The ancient Aryans believed that the world as created by Ahura Mazda was perfect, with no evil. The first man Gayo Maretan had no disease, no illness, no hunger and thirst. Only the good creation of God existed eg., the Dog, Cow and Bull, Horse, Cock, Birds etc. Then ahriman the evil one attacked the world and caused evil to appear, disease and illness and old age, and the animals and the first man started to die. Night began to fall (before the sun was at the noon position - fixed, so there was no time). The evil brood of animals appeared eg. snakes, insects, and the cat breed. So evil in the ancient faith is an external introduction, which one day will be purged when the world will be bathed with the purification of fire - the latter also found in old German mythology. Paradise itself will be established on the earth, in the form of the Kingdom of Ahura Mazda. The English word "paradise" itself stems from the Avestan "PairiDaize", meaning the same. Also, the word "garden" probably stems from the Avestan "Garod-man" meaning the House of songs - the ancient name of heaven for the Aryans.

The Kings of ancient Iran were very proud to call themselves Aryans, their rock edicts indeed say so. "I am an Aryan, the son (Puthra) of an Aryan." This was righteous pride, because the word Aryan occurs time and again in the ancient scriptures of the Aryans - such as the Yashts (prayers to the divine elements) and the Vendidad (the law against evil).

About a time frame - today, many scholars tend to place Zarathushtra very late in time (around 1500 BC). The Greek historians at the time of Cyrus placed the first prophet at around 8000 years bc, that seems a more possible time to the former. However, the ancient Aryans were much sooner than that. Note that as per the Vendidad, Yima Kshaeta (King Yima) is the ancient king of the Aryans in the ancient homeland Airyanam Vaejahi (the seedland of the Aryans), and his memory is retained by even the Indian Vedas as Yama Raja (Yama King) because the Indian Aryans still remembered their ancient king after their split up in the migration, but they made him "Lord of the netherworld" later on.

Unlike the Indians, the Iranian Aryans still retained a perfect memory of days gone by -the perfect time in the ancient homeland, when Yiam banished disease, death and hunger from the homeland. This was indeed the true "Golden age" of humankind.

اول از همه میرم سراغ پادشاه عزیزمون که کشورمون رو بنا کرد و اولین کشور متمدن کرد .پادشاهی که خصوصیاتش قابل بیان نیست  و برای همیشه و همیشه پدر ما باقی میمونه! 3> کوروش 3> کسی که ایران و ایرانی همیشه به یادشن .بعد از کوروش ایران پادشاهان زیادی داشت و همشون برای کشورمون سرافرازی  آفریدند که الان با قدرت بتونیم بگیم "من یه ایرانیم " و خیلی چیز ها داریم که بهشون افتخار کنیم که ما در پست های آینده تک تکشونو بررسی می کنیم!برای اطلاعات بیشتر درباره کوروش میتونید برین :http://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF

first of all i will talk about our first king ,the one that build our country and Civilization ,the one that is indescribable and will be our father for ever and ever! 

<3 Cyrus <3 the one that IRAN and IRANIAN never forget!after Cyrus we had many kings that made our country prideful so then we can say that i am an IRANIAN pridefully and we 
got a lot of things to proud of that we will see in

 future posts!well you can read more about him if you want :http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great 

این وبلاگ درباره ی ایرانه !همه چیز درباره ی فرهنگمون و آداب و رسوممون و کشورمون !با خودم فکر کردم کشوری که تمدن 2500 ساله داره باید به همه شناسانده بشه !امیدوارم که از وبلاگم خوشتون بیاد و باین وسیله بتونم کشورمو به همه بشناسونم!از انتقاد هاتون هم خوشحال می شم :)

This weblog  is about IRAN !everything about IRAN,,traditions and culture ,....so i wanted to explain my country to everybody cause it has 2500 years of culture so it should be famous,i hope you like it and know more about IRAN if you are interested,i will be happy if you share your comments!